Grade 1 children learn what numbers are by describing, comparing and showing numbers up to 20. They learn to count forward and backward to 100 and to add and subtract to 18 using mental math strategies. The children work on recalling math facts that are doubles (such as 1+1 , 5+5) and number facts that are one more (such as 5+1) and one less (such as 7-1). They explore ways to solve a problem and explain what they did and why. Recognizing and creating patterns and learning about 2-D shapes and 3-D objectsare important parts of Grade 1 Mathematics.